Signs Your Pool Needs Resurfacing: How to Tell It’s Time for an Upgrade

A well-maintained swimming pool brings endless hours of enjoyment, relaxation, and value to your property. Your pool’s surface plays a critical role in its functionality, safety, and aesthetic appeal. Pool resurfacing – the process of applying a new protective layer to your pool’s interior – helps maintain these essential qualities.

Regular pool maintenance extends beyond routine cleaning and chemical balancing. A pristine pool surface prevents water loss, protects the underlying structure, and creates a comfortable swimming environment. Resurfacing your pool at the right time can:

• Prevent costly structural damage
• Maintain water quality
• Enhance safety for swimmers
• Improve aesthetic appeal
• Increase property value

Identifying the right time for pool resurfacing requires attention to specific warning signs. These indicators can range from subtle surface changes to more obvious structural issues. This guide will help you recognize 10 critical signs that signal it’s time to resurface your pool, ensuring you can take action before minor issues become major problems.

Understanding Pool Resurfacing

Pool resurfacing is a renovation process that involves removing the old surface material of your pool and applying a new protective layer. This essential maintenance procedure helps restore your pool’s appearance, functionality, and safety.

Popular Pool Surface Materials:

• Plaster – A traditional choice made from cement and marble dust, offering a smooth, classic finish at an affordable price point
• Quartz – A durable blend of cement and quartz aggregates, providing better stain resistance than standard plaster
• Pebble – Premium exposed aggregate finish combining cement and natural stone, known for its longevity and unique aesthetic appeal
• Fiberglass – A non-porous material applied as a complete shell, resistant to algae and chemical damage

The Resurfacing Process:

• Draining the pool completely
• Removing damaged surface material through chip-out or sandblasting
• Repairing structural issues, cracks, or damaged areas
• Acid washing to clean and prepare the surface
• Applying the new finish material
• Curing and refilling the pool

The entire resurfacing project typically takes 7-14 days, depending on the pool size, chosen material, and weather conditions. Professional installation ensures proper material application and curing, critical factors for the longevity of your new pool surface.

Key Signs Your Pool Needs Resurfacing

Your pool’s surface tells a story about its condition. Recognizing early warning signs helps prevent costly repairs and maintains your pool’s safety and aesthetics.

1. Flaking or Peeling Plaster

Flaking or peeling plaster is one of the most common signs your pool needs attention. This condition occurs when the plaster surface starts peeling away from the underlying structure, creating unsightly patches and rough areas.

Several factors contribute to this issue:

• Chemical Imbalances: Low pH levels attack the plaster surface
• Temperature Fluctuations: Extreme changes cause material expansion and contraction
• Poor Installation: Improper mixing or application of plaster during construction
• Age-Related Wear: Natural deterioration over time

The effects of flaking or peeling plaster extend beyond aesthetic concerns:

• Creates sharp edges that can harm swimmers
• Weakens the pool’s structural integrity
• Leads to water absorption into deeper layers
• Accelerates surface deterioration

Recommended Actions for Flaking or Peeling Plaster:

• Test water chemistry immediately
• Adjust pH levels to 7.2-7.6
• Document affected areas with photos
• Schedule professional inspection
• Consider temporary patches for severe cases

A professional pool contractor can evaluate the extent of damage and recommend appropriate solutions. Small areas might benefit from spot repairs, while extensive spalling typically requires complete resurfacing to restore your pool’s protective barrier.

2. Persistent Surface Stains

Surface stains in your pool can signal deeper issues beyond cosmetic concerns. Common types of stains include:

• Copper Stains: Green or blue-tinted marks caused by metal oxidation
• Calcium Deposits: White, scaly patches that indicate mineral buildup
• Organic Stains: Brown or green spots from leaves, algae, or natural debris
• Rust Stains: Reddish-brown marks often linked to metal equipment corrosion

Standard cleaning methods like brushing, shocking, or chemical treatments prove ineffective against these stubborn discolorations. When stains resist multiple cleaning attempts, they’ve likely penetrated the pool’s surface material.

The presence of persistent stains can indicate:

• Deteriorating surface protection
• Chemical imbalances in water
• Structural vulnerabilities
• Compromised surface integrity

Ignoring these stains leads to:

• Accelerated surface degradation
• Increased cleaning costs
• Reduced pool aesthetics
• Potential structural damage

Professional testing can determine if your stains result from surface deterioration requiring resurfacing, or if they’re manageable through specialized treatments.

3. Rough Texture on Pool Surface

A rough pool surface creates an unpleasant swimming experience. The abrasive texture can:

• Scrape swimmers’ feet and skin
• Snag and damage swimsuits
• Make pool entry and exit hazardous
• Trap dirt and debris more easily

Chemical imbalances rank as the primary culprit behind surface roughness. When pH levels drop too low, the acidic water gradually etches away at the pool’s finish. High chlorine levels can also deteriorate the surface over time.

Other factors that create rough textures include:

• Age-related wear: Natural degradation of surface materials
• Hard water deposits: Calcium buildup creating rough patches
• Improper maintenance: Harsh cleaning tools damaging the finish
• Temperature fluctuations: Expansion and contraction affecting surface texture

Professional resurfacing offers the most effective solution for restoring smoothness. The process involves:

• Draining the pool
• Removing damaged surface material
• Applying new finish material
• Proper curing time
• Refilling with balanced water

Regular water chemistry testing helps prevent future surface deterioration. A properly maintained pool should feel smooth to the touch, allowing for safe and comfortable swimming.

4. Visible Cracks in the Pool Surface

Cracks in your pool surface come in three distinct types:

• Hairline cracks: These thin, superficial lines often appear as single cracks less than 2mm wide
• Spider cracks: A network of interconnected small cracks forming web-like patterns
• Structural cracks: Deep fissures wider than 2mm that can extend through multiple layers

Each crack type signals different underlying issues. Structural cracks indicate potential foundation problems or significant ground settling. Spider cracks point to improper curing during installation or extreme temperature fluctuations. Hairline cracks typically result from normal settling or seasonal ground movement.

Left untreated, these cracks create serious problems:

• Water seepage leading to shell deterioration
• Increased chemical costs from constant water loss
• Higher utility bills from frequent refilling
• Potential damage to surrounding soil structure

Inspection Tips:

• Run your hand along the pool surface weekly to detect new cracks
• Mark and photograph cracks to monitor their growth
• Check for wet spots around your pool’s perimeter
• Test water levels daily – unexplained drops indicate possible leaks through cracks
• Inspect after severe weather changes or ground movement

A professional pool inspection every six months helps catch developing cracks before they compromise your pool’s structural integrity.

5. Discoloration of Plaster or Other Finishes

Discoloration in your pool’s surface can manifest in several distinct patterns:

• White or Light Patches: Indicate calcium scaling due to high pH levels
• Brown or Copper-Colored Areas: Result from metal content in water
• Green or Black Spots: Signal algae growth beneath the surface
• Uniform Fading: Shows chemical erosion from improper water balance

Your pool’s water chemistry plays a critical role in surface coloration. Imbalanced pH levels can trigger chemical reactions that permanently stain or bleach your pool’s finish. Common culprits include:

• Chlorine levels above 3.0 ppm
• pH readings outside the 7.2-7.6 range
• Total alkalinity below 80 ppm
• Calcium hardness exceeding 400 ppm

Discolored surfaces significantly impact your pool’s aesthetic appeal and property value. A stained or discolored pool can reduce home value by up to 10-15%. The appearance of these marks often indicates deeper structural issues requiring immediate attention.

Regular testing of water chemistry can prevent discoloration issues. When you notice color changes that persist after cleaning, it’s time to consider professional assessment for potential resurfacing needs.

6. Loss of Pebbles in Pebble Finishes (If Applicable)

Pebble finishes create a luxurious, natural appearance for your pool, but they require specific attention to maintain their integrity. A well-maintained pebble surface should feel consistently textured throughout the pool.

Key Signs of Pebble Loss:

• Bare spots or patches where pebbles are missing
• Uneven texture when running your hand across the surface
• Loose pebbles collecting at the bottom of your pool
• Visible thinning of the pebble layer in high-traffic areas

The loss of pebbles creates weak points in your pool’s protective barrier, leading to potential structural vulnerabilities. These exposed areas become susceptible to water penetration and chemical damage.

Regular Inspection Tips:

• Check pool walls monthly for signs of pebble detachment
• Run your hand along the surface to detect inconsistencies
• Document any areas showing progressive pebble loss
• Take photos to track changes over time

A professional inspection is recommended when you notice multiple bare spots or increasing pebble loss. Early detection helps prevent extensive damage and reduces long-term maintenance costs. Immediate action preserves both the aesthetic appeal and structural integrity of your pool’s pebble finish.

7. Fiberglass Delamination Issues (If Applicable)

Fiberglass pool delamination can be identified by specific visual and physical changes. Look out for bubbles or blisters forming beneath the surface, which create a wavy appearance in your pool’s gelcoat. These blisters can vary in size, from small, isolated spots to large areas spanning several feet.

Key indicators of delamination include:

• Cloudiness or haziness in the fiberglass surface
• A hollow sound when tapping specific areas
• Soft or spongy sections that yield under pressure
• Peeling or separation of the gelcoat layer
• Visible water-filled blisters

These signs indicate a breakdown in the structural bond between the pool’s layers. This deterioration affects both the pool’s structural integrity and its aesthetic appeal, potentially leading to water absorption and further damage.

Professional Assessment Steps:

• Document affected areas with photos
• Measure the size and depth of blisters
• Schedule an inspection with a certified fiberglass pool specialist
• Request a detailed evaluation of the delamination’s extent
• Obtain a written assessment of necessary repairs

8. Consistent Water Level Drops (Indicating Potential Leaks)

A dropping water level in your pool can signal serious underlying issues requiring immediate attention. While some water loss through evaporation is normal, losing more than 1/4 inch per day indicates potential structural problems.

Here’s how to identify if your pool has a leak:

• Place a bucket filled with pool water on the pool steps
• Mark the water level inside the bucket and pool
• Wait 24 hours
• Compare the water levels – if the pool level drops more than the bucket, you likely have a leak

Common leak locations include:

• Plumbing connections – check for wet spots around pipes
• Light fixtures – inspect for water seepage behind fixtures
• Structural cracks – examine pool walls and floor
• Skimmer attachments – look for separation between skimmer and pool wall

A professional leak detection service can use specialized equipment like:

• Dye testing to track water movement
• Pressure testing for plumbing issues
• Sonic detection for precise leak location

Persistent leaks can compromise your pool’s structural integrity and lead to more extensive damage requiring complete resurfacing. Regular monitoring of water levels helps catch these issues early.

9. Visible Rust Stains (If Applicable)

Rust stains on your pool surface serve as red flags for underlying structural issues. These reddish-brown marks typically appear when metal components within your pool structure begin to corrode. The main culprit? Oxidizing rebar or tie wire beneath the pool’s surface.

Common Causes of Pool Rust Stains:

• Metal components placed too close to the surface during construction
• Deteriorating structural steel reinforcement
• Improperly sealed metal fixtures or accessories
• Chemical imbalances accelerating metal corrosion

Ignoring these rust spots puts your pool’s structural integrity at risk. The corroding metal expands, creating pressure that can crack the surrounding concrete and compromise the pool shell. This damage pattern often leads to:

• Weakened structural support
• Expanding cracks in the pool shell
• Potential collapse in severe cases
• Increased repair costs over time

You’ll need professional assessment if you spot rust stains larger than a quarter or multiple stains appearing in patterns. A qualified pool contractor can determine whether spot repairs suffice or if complete resurfacing is necessary to protect your pool’s structure.

10. Erosion Marks Despite Regular Maintenance (Indicating Protective Layer Wear)

Erosion marks can hide in plain sight, masquerading as normal wear patterns on your pool surface. A detailed inspection reveals these telltale signs:

• Small divots or depressions in the surface
• Uneven texture patterns
• Exposed aggregate material
• Thinning areas in the finish

The protective layer of your pool surface faces constant challenges from:

Chemical Factors

• Imbalanced pH levels
• High chlorine concentration
• Calcium hardness fluctuations
• Aggressive sanitizers

Physical Factors

• Pressure washing damage
• Harsh cleaning tools
• Direct water jets from return lines
• Heavy swimmer traffic

These erosion patterns create weak points in your pool’s protective barrier, leaving the underlying structure vulnerable to water damage. Regular testing of water chemistry helps prevent accelerated wear, but once erosion marks appear, they indicate significant degradation of your pool’s protective layer.

A professional inspection can map these erosion patterns and determine if localized repairs suffice or if complete resurfacing provides the best long-term solution for your pool’s protection.

Conclusion: Taking Action for a Healthy Pool

Your pool is an important investment in your property’s value and your family’s enjoyment. To protect this investment and avoid expensive repairs in the future, it’s essential to conduct regular inspections and resurface the pool when necessary.

The signs we’ve discussed – such as peeling plaster and erosion marks – are key indicators that your pool requires attention. Instead of waiting for multiple problems to arise, take action proactively. By maintaining your pool regularly, you can save money and prolong its lifespan.

Ready to protect your pool’s future? Schedule an assessment with a qualified pool professional. They will assess the condition of your pool and recommend suitable resurfacing solutions to ensure it remains beautiful, safe, and ready for years of enjoyment.

FAQs (Frequently Asked Questions)

Signs Your Pool Needs Resurfacing – FAQs